The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Egyptians Acquisitions on the post-performance of the acquired companies from the period of 2003 to 2015 by the use of event study methodology. This is done by studying the financial post-performance (includes: liquidity, activity, profitability and capital structure ratios) of a sample consists of 17 companies from the industrial sector as dependent variables, and comparing their results with the pre-performance and the acquisition event as an independent variable. By using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney-Test that can replace the unpaired t-test in the case of small samples, in addition to the factor analysis. The Study tests the significant difference between performance of the acquired companies before and after the acquisition. Empirical results for the whole sample showed a negative significant difference between both the profitability and the capital structure performance of the acquired companies before and after the acquisition. On the other hand, it showed an insignificant difference between both the liquidity and the activity performance of the acquired companies before and after the acquisition. Studying the sub-industrial sectors shows that the Industry Sector has an impact on the performance of the acquired companies and that appears in The Basic Resources and Utilities Sub-sector liquidity, profitability and capital structure performance and has no impact on financial activity performance. For the Construction and Materials Sub-sector there is no impact on the liquidity, profitability and financial activity performance. However, there is a significant impact on the capital structure. For the Personal and Household Products Sub-sector, there is a significant impact on profitability performance, and there is no impact on liquidity, financial activity, and capital structure performance. For the Food, Beverages and Pharmaceutical Sub-sector there is no impact on the liquidity, profitability and financial activity performance and there is a significant impact on capital structure performance. By studying the impact of the Capital Issued on the post-performance of the acquired companies, the researcher showed that there is an impact on the capital structure performance for the acquired companies below 50 M and on profitability performance above 50 M issued capital. On the other hand, there is no impact on the other performance measures for companies above and below 50 M issued capital. Finally, the study results introduced some useful recommendations for the acquisition events in the Egyptian Market.
Published in | Journal of Finance and Accounting (Volume 7, Issue 3) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.jfa.20190703.11 |
Page(s) | 60-75 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Acquisition, Company Performance, Event Study, Industrial Sector, Egyptian Stock Market
[1] | Roberts, A., Wallace, W. & Moles, P. (2016). Mergers and Acquisitions. Heriot-Watt University, MQ-A2-engb 1/2016 (1020). www.ebsglobal.net |
[2] | Robinson, S. & Zerdin, M. (2013). The Mergers & Acquisitions Review, Seventh Edition. Law Business Research Ltd. www.thelawreviews.co.uk |
[3] | Metwalli A. M. & Tang, R. Y. W. (2003). Merger and Acquisition Activity in the Middle East and a Four-Country Composition. International Journal of Commerce and Management, Vol. 13, No. 1, 81-102. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb047461 |
[4] | Martin, S. (2007). Mergers: An Overview. Krannert Faculty, Purdue University. https://krannert.purdue.edu/faculty/ |
[5] | Hitt, M. A. & Pisano, V. (2003). The Cross-Border Merger and Acquisition Strategy: Research Perspective. The Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management, Vol. pp. 133 - 144. DOI: 10.1108/15365430380000522. |
[6] | Chen, H. K., Li, C. A & Pan, K. M. (2004). A Theory of Mergers and Acquisitions: Synergy, Private Benefits, or Hubris Hypothesis. http://gebrc.nccu.edu.tw/GEBRC/ |
[7] | Ismail, T. H., Abdou, A. A., & Annis, R. M., (2011). Review of Literature Linking Corporate Performance to Mergers and Acquisitions. The Review of Financial and Accounting Studies, Issue 1 (2011). |
[8] | Bouwman, C., Fuller, K. & Nain, A. (2004). The Performance of Stock Price Driven Acquisitions. Review of Financial Studies, Vol. 22, No. 2, 2009. |
[9] | Bradley, M. & Sundaram, A. (2006). Acquisitions and Performance: A Re-Assessment of the Evidence. www.ssrn.com. |
[10] | Rani, N., Yadav, S. S. & Jain, P. K. (2014). Impact of Corporate Governance Score on Abnormal Returns and Financial Performance of Mergers and Acquisitions. Procedia Economics and Finance, Volume 5, 2013, Pages 637-646. DOI 10.1007/s40622-014-0067-8. |
[11] | Harrison, J. S., Hart, M. & Oler, D. K. (2013). Leverage and acquisition performance. Springer Science Journal, (2014) 43: 571–603. DOI 10.1007/s11156-013-0385-5. |
[12] | Al-hroot, Y. (2016). The Impact of Mergers on Financial Performance of the Jordanian Industrial Sector. International Journal of Management & Business Studies, Vol. 6, Issue 1, Jan - March 2016. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4480.3602. |
[13] | Moctar, N. B. & Xiaofang, C. (2014). The Impact of Mergers and Acquisition on The Financial Performance of West African Banks: A Case Study of Some Selected Commercial Banks. International Journal of Education and Research, Vol. 2 No. 1 January 2014. |
[14] | Rathinam, I. B. & Sridharan, P. S. (2016). Post-Mergers and Acquisitions Performance of Select Indian Banks. IUP Journal of Bank Management, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p 17-27. 11p. |
[15] | Rashid, A. & Naeem, N. (2016). Effects of Mergers on Corporate Performance: An Empirical Evaluation Using OLS and The Empirical Bayesian Methods. www.sciencedirect.com |
[16] | Abdulwahab, B. & Ganguli, S. (2017). The Impact ok Mergers and Acquisitions on Financial Performance of Banks in Bahrain. ResearchGate Professional Network. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318653846 |
[17] | Abbas, Q., Hunjra, A. I., Azam, R., Ijaz, M. S. & Zahid, M. (2014). Financial performance of banks in Pakistan after Merger and Acquisition. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research 4 (1), 13. |
[18] | Jallow, M. S., Masazing, M. & Basit, A. (2017). The Effects of Mergers & Acquisitions on Financial Performance: Case Study of UK Companies. International Journal of Accounting & Business Management, Vol. 5 (No.1), April, 2017. DOI: 24924/ijabm/2017.04/v5.iss1/74.92 |
[19] | Mulwa, J. M. & Mwangi, M. (2015). The Effect of Mergers and Acquisitions on The Financial Performance of Oil Firms in Kenya. Master Degree. http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/ |
[20] | Masud, N. (2015). Impact of Merger and Acquisition on Financial Performance of Banks: Evidence from Pakistan. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, Vol. 4 (5), 108-113, May (2015). |
[21] | Abdulazeez, D. A., Suleiman, O. and Yahaya, A. (2016). Impact of Merger and Acquisitions on the Financial Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 6 (4), 1-5. DOI: 10.4172/2223-5833.100021. |
[22] | Dutescu, A., Ponorica, A. G., & Stanila, G. O. (2013). Effects of Mergers and Acquisitions on Financial Performance of The Target Company. Challenges of the Knowledge Society Journal. www.ftms.edu.my/journals/ |
[23] | Reda, M. (2013). The Effect of Mergers and Acquisitions on Bank Efficiency: Evidence from Bank Consolidation in Egypt. https://erf.org.eg |
[24] | Olson, G. T & Pagano, M. S. (2003). The Long-Term Impact of Bank Mergers on Sustainable Growth and Shareholder Return. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 32 (9) & (10), Nov./Dec. 2005. |
[25] | Ferrer, R. C. (2012). An Empirical Investigation of the Effects of Merger and Acquisition on Firms’ Profitability. Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal, Volume 16, Number 3, 2012. |
[26] | Teodora, P. D. & Braşoveanu, L. O. (2016). The Effects of Merger and Acquisitions Processes on Companies’ Performance. Financial and stock exchange management- DAFI. www.dafi.ase.ro |
[27] | Juma, B. & Musimenta, D. (2017). The Impact of Merger and Acquisition on Firm Performance in East Africa. Makerere Business Journal. Vol. 13, Issue 2 2017pp 109-127. |
[28] | Alhayek, M. A. (2018). The Effect of Acquisition on Income Statement Items in Acquired Company (Subsidiary Company)-Case Study. International Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 10, No. 5; 2018. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v10n5p173 |
[29] | Badreldin, A & Kalhoefer, C. (2009). The Effect of Mergers and Acquisitions on Bank Performance in Egypt. Journal of management Technology, 25, 1-15. |
[30] | Verma, N & Sharma, R. (2014). Impact of Mergers & Acquisitions on Firms’ Long-Term Performance: A Pre-& Post Analysis of the Indian Telecom Industry. International Journal of Research in Management & Technology, Vol. 4, No. 1, February 2014. |
[31] | Sujud, H. & Hachem, B. (2018). Effect of Mergers and Acquisitions on Performance of Lebanese Banks. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Issue 166 March, 2018. |
[32] | Singh, K. B. (2013). The impact of Mergers and Acquisitions on Corporate Financial Performance in India. Indian Journal of Research in Management, Business and Social Sciences (IJRMBSS), Vol. 1 I Issue 2 I July. 2013. |
[33] | Lakstutiene, A., Stankeviciene, J., Norvaisiene, R. & Narbutiene, J. (2015). The Impact of Acquisitions on Corporate Performance Results during the Period of Economic Slowdown: Case of Lithuania. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 213 (2015) 455 – 460. |
[34] | Lipeikyte, A. & Schneider, C. (2015). How Do Mergers and Acquisitions Affect Performance of the Target Firms, The Evidence from the Baltic States. Master thesis. http://studenttheses.cbs.dk/ |
[35] | Singh, S. & Das, S. (2018). Impact of Post-Merger and Acquisition Activities on The Financial Performance of Banks: A Study of Indian Private Sector and Public Sector Banks. Revista Espacios Magazine, Vol. 39 (Number 26) Year 2018 • Page 25. |
[36] | Kenkel, P., Gilbert, A. & Spence, B. (2017). Post-Merger Financial Performance of Oklahoma Cooperatives. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242189344 |
[37] | Bayyurt, N. & Akın, A. (2014). Effects of Foreign Acquisitions on the Performance of Securities Firms: Evidence from Turkey. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 150, 156-161. |
[38] | Pervan, M., Visic, J. & Barnjak, B. (2014). The Impact of M&A on Company Performance: Evidence from Croatia. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23 (2015), Pages1451 – 1456. |
[39] | Nelson, R. L. (1959). Merger Movements in American Industry, 1895-1956. Princeton University Press. http://www.nber.org/books/nels59-1 |
[40] | Gruici, B. C., Contstantin, L. G. & Iamandi, I. E. (2010). Empirical Evidence on The Relationship Between Mergers & Acquisitions and The Romanian Stock Market. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/49615411 |
[41] | Liargovas, P. & Repousis, S. (2011). The Impact of Mergers and Acquisitions on the Performance of the Greek Banking Sector: An Event Study Approach. International Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 3, No. 2; May 2011. Doi: 10.5539/ijef.v3n2p89. |
[42] | Pham, L. H. (2014). An Analysis of Pre and Post- Acquisition Financial Performance of Target Czech Banks: A Comparative Analysis. Journal of Eastern European And Central Asian Research, Vol 1, No 2 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v1i2.60 |
[43] | Bhutta, R. M., Saad, M.& Tariq, T. A. (2015). Impact of Merger or Acquisition on Financial Performance of Firm: A Case Study of Pakistan Telecommunication Limited (PTCL). International Journal of African and Asian Studies, Vol. 13, 2015. |
[44] | Ntuli, M. G. (2017). An evaluation of bank acquisition using an accounting-based measure: a case of Amalgamated Bank. |
[45] | Joash, G. O. & Njangiru, M. J. (2015). The Effect of Mergers and Acquisitions on Financial Performance of Banks, A Survey of Commercial Banks in Kenya. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, Vol 4 Issue 8, 2015. |
[46] | Arlinda, Achsani, N. A., & Saptono, I. T. (2015). Impact of Merger and Acquisition on Financial Performance and Financial Distress: Empirical Evidence from Indonesian Telecommunication Industry. European Journal of Business and Management, Vol.7, No.25, 2015. |
[47] | Larasati, N. D., Agustina, Y., Istanti, L. N. & Wijijayanti, T. (2017). Do Merger and Acquisition Affect on Company’s Financial Performance? Sriwijaya International Journal of Dynamic Economics and Business, Vol 1 (4), 2017. |
[48] | Filipovic, D. (2012). Impact of Company’s Size on Takeover Success. Ekonomska istraživanja Journal, Vol. 25 (2012) No. 2 (435-444). |
[49] | Savovic, S. (2016). The Post-Acquisition Performance of Acquired Companies: Evidence from The Republic of Serbia. Economic Annals Journal, Volume LXI, No. 209 / April – June 2016. DOI: 10.2298/EKA1609079S. |
[50] | Al-hroot, Y. (2016). The Impact of Mergers on Financial Performance of the Jordanian Industrial Sector. International Journal of Management & Business Studies, Vol. 6, Issue 1, Jan - March 2016. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4480.3602. |
[51] | Ismail, T. H., Abdou, A. A., & Annis, R. M., (2009). Exploring Improvements of Post-Merger Corporate Performance: The Case of Egypt. https://www.researchgate.net |
[52] | Azevedo, A. C. C., Alves, P. & Santos, C. (2016). Industry Differences in Mergers and Acquisitions M&A Performance and Synergies Assessment. (Doctoral dissertation) https://repositorio.ucp.pt/ |
[53] | Sitthipongpanich, T. (2011). Understanding the Event Study. Journal of Business Administration., Vol. 34 No. 130 April - June 2011. |
APA Style
Ahmed Wael Abdelrahman, Khairy Elgiziry. (2019). Exploring Improvements of Post-Acquisitions Corporate Performance in Industrial Sector in the Egyptian Stock Market. Journal of Finance and Accounting, 7(3), 60-75. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfa.20190703.11
ACS Style
Ahmed Wael Abdelrahman; Khairy Elgiziry. Exploring Improvements of Post-Acquisitions Corporate Performance in Industrial Sector in the Egyptian Stock Market. J. Finance Account. 2019, 7(3), 60-75. doi: 10.11648/j.jfa.20190703.11
AMA Style
Ahmed Wael Abdelrahman, Khairy Elgiziry. Exploring Improvements of Post-Acquisitions Corporate Performance in Industrial Sector in the Egyptian Stock Market. J Finance Account. 2019;7(3):60-75. doi: 10.11648/j.jfa.20190703.11
@article{10.11648/j.jfa.20190703.11, author = {Ahmed Wael Abdelrahman and Khairy Elgiziry}, title = {Exploring Improvements of Post-Acquisitions Corporate Performance in Industrial Sector in the Egyptian Stock Market}, journal = {Journal of Finance and Accounting}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {60-75}, doi = {10.11648/j.jfa.20190703.11}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfa.20190703.11}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jfa.20190703.11}, abstract = {The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Egyptians Acquisitions on the post-performance of the acquired companies from the period of 2003 to 2015 by the use of event study methodology. This is done by studying the financial post-performance (includes: liquidity, activity, profitability and capital structure ratios) of a sample consists of 17 companies from the industrial sector as dependent variables, and comparing their results with the pre-performance and the acquisition event as an independent variable. By using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney-Test that can replace the unpaired t-test in the case of small samples, in addition to the factor analysis. The Study tests the significant difference between performance of the acquired companies before and after the acquisition. Empirical results for the whole sample showed a negative significant difference between both the profitability and the capital structure performance of the acquired companies before and after the acquisition. On the other hand, it showed an insignificant difference between both the liquidity and the activity performance of the acquired companies before and after the acquisition. Studying the sub-industrial sectors shows that the Industry Sector has an impact on the performance of the acquired companies and that appears in The Basic Resources and Utilities Sub-sector liquidity, profitability and capital structure performance and has no impact on financial activity performance. For the Construction and Materials Sub-sector there is no impact on the liquidity, profitability and financial activity performance. However, there is a significant impact on the capital structure. For the Personal and Household Products Sub-sector, there is a significant impact on profitability performance, and there is no impact on liquidity, financial activity, and capital structure performance. For the Food, Beverages and Pharmaceutical Sub-sector there is no impact on the liquidity, profitability and financial activity performance and there is a significant impact on capital structure performance. By studying the impact of the Capital Issued on the post-performance of the acquired companies, the researcher showed that there is an impact on the capital structure performance for the acquired companies below 50 M and on profitability performance above 50 M issued capital. On the other hand, there is no impact on the other performance measures for companies above and below 50 M issued capital. Finally, the study results introduced some useful recommendations for the acquisition events in the Egyptian Market.}, year = {2019} }
TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring Improvements of Post-Acquisitions Corporate Performance in Industrial Sector in the Egyptian Stock Market AU - Ahmed Wael Abdelrahman AU - Khairy Elgiziry Y1 - 2019/06/26 PY - 2019 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfa.20190703.11 DO - 10.11648/j.jfa.20190703.11 T2 - Journal of Finance and Accounting JF - Journal of Finance and Accounting JO - Journal of Finance and Accounting SP - 60 EP - 75 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-7323 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfa.20190703.11 AB - The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Egyptians Acquisitions on the post-performance of the acquired companies from the period of 2003 to 2015 by the use of event study methodology. This is done by studying the financial post-performance (includes: liquidity, activity, profitability and capital structure ratios) of a sample consists of 17 companies from the industrial sector as dependent variables, and comparing their results with the pre-performance and the acquisition event as an independent variable. By using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney-Test that can replace the unpaired t-test in the case of small samples, in addition to the factor analysis. The Study tests the significant difference between performance of the acquired companies before and after the acquisition. Empirical results for the whole sample showed a negative significant difference between both the profitability and the capital structure performance of the acquired companies before and after the acquisition. On the other hand, it showed an insignificant difference between both the liquidity and the activity performance of the acquired companies before and after the acquisition. Studying the sub-industrial sectors shows that the Industry Sector has an impact on the performance of the acquired companies and that appears in The Basic Resources and Utilities Sub-sector liquidity, profitability and capital structure performance and has no impact on financial activity performance. For the Construction and Materials Sub-sector there is no impact on the liquidity, profitability and financial activity performance. However, there is a significant impact on the capital structure. For the Personal and Household Products Sub-sector, there is a significant impact on profitability performance, and there is no impact on liquidity, financial activity, and capital structure performance. For the Food, Beverages and Pharmaceutical Sub-sector there is no impact on the liquidity, profitability and financial activity performance and there is a significant impact on capital structure performance. By studying the impact of the Capital Issued on the post-performance of the acquired companies, the researcher showed that there is an impact on the capital structure performance for the acquired companies below 50 M and on profitability performance above 50 M issued capital. On the other hand, there is no impact on the other performance measures for companies above and below 50 M issued capital. Finally, the study results introduced some useful recommendations for the acquisition events in the Egyptian Market. VL - 7 IS - 3 ER -